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Breast screening to detect cancer: appointments BREAST SCREENING TO DETECT CANCER: APPOINTMENTS
First appointment
When you arrive at the clinic, you will be asked a few general questions about your health, and then shown into a cubicle to undress to the waist. It is easier if you wear trousers or a skirt rather than a dress. An X-ray of each of your breasts will then be taken, as described on p. 13. You should tell the radiographer if you are concerned about a lump, as you can be recalled for a clinical examination even if your mammogram does not show any abnormality.
Once both breasts have been X-rayed, you will be able to get dressed again while you wait a few minutes for the films to be developed, and for the radiographer to make sure that they are technically adequate. If you are asked to have a repeat X-ray at this stage, it will be for technical reasons or because a clear picture of the whole area of interest has not been obtained. The radiographer will not have made any medical judgment of your X-rays - only a technical one.
Receiving the results
During the next couple of weeks you and/or your GP should receive one of the following letters.
1 You are likely to receive a letter telling you that the mammogram showed no abnormality and that you will be called again for screening in 3 years time. This may be phrased as 'no significant abnormality' to take account of the fact that there is no real 'normal' standard as all women's breasts are different.
2 You may receive a letter asking you to return for another mammogram because your X-rays were technically of poor quality. This may be because you moved slightly while the X-ray was being taken, or the developed film may not show enough of the breast area and armpit.
3 You may receive a letter asking you to return to the clinic for another assessment. This is the case for about 1 woman in 14, and can be because the X-rayed area needs to be examined more closely. Although you are bound to feel concern if this happens, bear in mind that there are numerous changes that occur in the breast tissue with age, some of which are quite normal and some of which may seem abnormal but are harmless.
Of the women who are recalled for further breast screening, 9 out of 10 are found not to have cancer. Most of the breast changes apparent on mammograms are not associated with any form of malignancy. Because of the importance of the early detection of breast cancer for successful treatment, the doctor examining your X-rays will err on the side of caution, and any unusual change in the tissue, or sign of any breast disease, will be examined further.
It may be helpful, while you wait for your second appointment, to make a note of any questions you think of, however trivial they may seem. Any doctor should be happy to explain points which are unclear and to discuss anything you are worried about.
Second appointment
All breast clinics are different, and each will have its own way of doing tests and investigations.
If you are asked to attend a second clinic, more X-rays will probably be taken, possibly from different angles, of one or both breasts. You may then be examined by a doctor, who will feel your breasts for any palpable lump or thickening of the tissue. If the doctor is able to feel anything, you may be given an ultrasound examination, the results of which may be discussed with you by the doctor at this visit or a subsequent one.
A fine needle aspiration biopsy may be done to remove a small sample of cells, or a small piece of tissue may be taken from a suspicious lump in your breast at a separate appointment using a general anesthetic. The cells or tissue sample will have to be examined under a microscope, so another appointment may have to be made for you to receive the results and discuss them with the doctor.
*10/39/5*
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